Ivancic M T, Schepis M M
Western Carolina Center, Morganton, NC 28655-4608, USA.
Res Dev Disabil. 1995 Sep-Oct;16(5):415-23. doi: 10.1016/0891-4222(95)00020-n.
Key use remains overlooked for increasing independent material use by persons with severe mental retardation. In Experiment 1, a procedure to train key locating was evaluated in a multiple-probe withdrawal design across three groups of participants. Most participants located their keys when reinforced for doing so; however, key locating decreased when the reinforcement procedure was withdrawn. In Experiment 2, a multiple probe design across four participant groups was used to evaluate a training procedure to teach key use. Twenty of 25 participants used a key to open and lock their personal lockers as a result of training. However, only 36% of the participants were able to use their keys without prompts from experimenters.
对于提高重度智力障碍者独立使用物品的能力，关键用途仍被忽视。在实验1中，采用多探针撤除法设计，对三组参与者进行了钥匙定位训练程序的评估。大多数参与者在因定位钥匙而得到强化时能够找到钥匙；然而，当撤去强化程序时，钥匙定位能力下降。在实验2中，采用四组参与者的多探针设计，评估了教授钥匙使用方法的训练程序。经过训练，25名参与者中有20名能够使用钥匙打开和锁上他们的个人储物柜。然而，只有36%的参与者能够在没有实验者提示的情况下使用钥匙。
