Courtright P, Canner J
International Centre for Eye Health, London, UK.
Ann Trop Paediatr. 1995 Sep;15(3):221-6. doi: 10.1080/02724936.1995.11747776.
Using existing nutritional survey data collected over an 11-month period during the recent drought, we sought to determine the distribution of kwashiorkor in the ten districts of the Southern Region of Malawi. Sampling and survey methods were identical and considerable efforts were made to ensure comparability. In 23 surveys, 25,824 children were weighed and measured and oedema was recorded. The district-adjusted prevalence of kwashiorkor was 18/1000. The northernmost districts of the Southern Region had rates five to ten times higher than the southernmost districts. Prevalence peaked at 18-23 months and was similar in boys and girls. Dysentery was associated with the presence of kwashiorkor while diarrhoea was not. The distinctive pattern of kwashiorkor in the region suggests that there are characteristics specific to the northern districts that place children in these areas at greater risk of kwashiorkor.
利用近期干旱期间11个月内收集的现有营养调查数据，我们试图确定马拉维南部地区十个区夸希奥科病（恶性营养不良）的分布情况。抽样和调查方法相同，且为确保可比性付出了巨大努力。在23次调查中，对25824名儿童进行了称重、测量，并记录了水肿情况。经区调整后的夸希奥科病患病率为千分之十八。南部地区最北部的区患病率比最南部的区高五到十倍。患病率在18至23个月时达到峰值，且男孩和女孩的患病率相似。痢疾与夸希奥科病的存在有关，而腹泻则无关。该地区夸希奥科病的独特模式表明，北部地区存在一些特定特征，使这些地区的儿童患夸希奥科病的风险更高。
