Polich J, Kok A
Department of Neuropharmacology, Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
Biol Psychol. 1995 Oct;41(2):103-46. doi: 10.1016/0301-0511(95)05130-9.
The P300 event-related brain potential (ERP) is thought to reflect neuroelectric activity related to cognitive processes such as attention allocation and activation of immediate memory. However, recent studies have provided evidence that the P300 also is influenced by biological processes such as fluctuations in the arousal state of subjects. The effects of natural (circadian, ultradian, seasonal, menstrual) and environmentally induced (exercise, fatigue, drugs) state variables on the P300 are reviewed. The findings suggest that these factors contribute to P300 measures and are discussed in terms of their theoretical and applied implications.
P300事件相关脑电位（ERP）被认为反映了与认知过程相关的神经电活动，如注意力分配和即时记忆的激活。然而，最近的研究提供了证据表明，P300也受到生物过程的影响，如受试者觉醒状态的波动。本文综述了自然（昼夜节律、超日节律、季节、月经）和环境诱导（运动、疲劳、药物）状态变量对P300的影响。研究结果表明，这些因素对P300测量有影响，并从其理论和应用意义方面进行了讨论。
