Qureshi M A, Garlich J D, Hagler W M, Weinstock D
Department of Poultry Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh 27695-7608, USA.
Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol. 1995 Nov;17(4):791-804. doi: 10.3109/08923979509037197.
White Leghorn Cornell K-strain chicks (3 replicates of 16 per pen) were started at Day 7 on feed amended with Fusarium proliferatum culture material containing fumonisin B1, fumonisin B2, and moniliformin at 61, 10.5, and 42.7 ppm, respectively. Observed effects on performance of treated birds included reduced feed conversion at 2 wk, and reduced body weight of males and females up to 6 wk (P < or = .05). Splenic, thymic, and liver weights, normalized for body weight, were reduced (P < or = .05) with no change in bursa of Fabricius. No significant changes were observed histologically in the spleen, bursa, kidney, heart, liver, cecal tonsils, colon, or tibia. Significant suppression in total Ig and IgG levels occurred. Macrophages from treated chicks exhibited a 34% reduction in phagocytic activity. Natural killer cell activity was not affected. These findings, which showed that Fusarium toxins alter performance and immune end points in chickens, imply that chickens exposed to mycotoxins may be more susceptible to infectious diseases.
白色来航康奈尔K系雏鸡（每栏16只，共3个重复组）在7日龄开始饲喂添加了串珠镰刀菌培养物的饲料，其中伏马菌素B1、伏马菌素B2和串珠镰刀菌素的含量分别为61 ppm、10.5 ppm和42.7 ppm。观察到的对处理组鸡性能的影响包括2周龄时饲料转化率降低，以及6周龄前雄性和雌性鸡体重降低（P≤0.05）。经体重标准化后的脾脏、胸腺和肝脏重量减轻（P≤0.05），法氏囊无变化。在脾脏、法氏囊、肾脏、心脏、肝脏、盲肠扁桃体、结肠或胫骨的组织学检查中未观察到显著变化。总Ig和IgG水平出现显著抑制。处理组雏鸡的巨噬细胞吞噬活性降低了34%。自然杀伤细胞活性未受影响。这些结果表明镰刀菌毒素会改变鸡的性能和免疫指标，这意味着接触霉菌毒素的鸡可能更容易感染传染病。
