La Marca S, Lozito R J, Dunn R W
Psychopharmacology (Berl). 1995 Aug;120(4):426-32. doi: 10.1007/BF02245814.
Bolus intravenous (IV) administration of commonly used IV anesthetic agents such as fentanyl and the fentanyl analogues, alfentanil, remifentanil, and sufentanil, etomidate and propofol, produced anesthesia in rats as measured by the loss of righting (LOR) with calculated ED150 doses of 0.06, 0.09, 0.037, 0.007, 2.51 and 6.12 mg/kg, respectively. Animals trained in an eight arm radial maze (RAM) were assessed for cognitive recovery, as measured by response efficiency (percentage of correct arm entries within 10 min), immediately, 15 min and 30 min following IV administration of the calculated ED150 dose of each of these agents, and the subsequent return of righting (ROR). Animals administered fentanyl or sufentanil were unable to successfully complete the maze throughout the testing periods. Animals receiving remifentanil showed cognitive recovery within the first testing interval (immediately following the return of righting), while animals receiving alfentanil, etomidate or propofol showed recovery at the 15-min testing interval following ROR. In a separate experiment, bolus IV administration of the ED150 dose of these agents was evaluated in an acute rat EEG model. Following ROR, return to baseline EEG levels occurred at 0.30, 2.88, 5.06, 16.25, 31.29 and 43.98 min for remifentanil, propofol, alfentanil, etomidate, fentanyl and sufentanil, respectively. These data show that the return to efficient cognitive functioning corresponds to the return to normal baseline EEG waveforms.
静脉注射常用的静脉麻醉药，如芬太尼及其类似物阿芬太尼、瑞芬太尼和舒芬太尼、依托咪酯和丙泊酚，通过翻正反射消失（LOR）来衡量，在大鼠中产生麻醉作用，计算得出的ED150剂量分别为0.06、0.09、0.037、0.007、2.51和6.12mg/kg。在八臂放射状迷宫（RAM）中训练的动物，在静脉注射每种药物计算得出的ED150剂量后，立即、15分钟和30分钟时，通过反应效率（10分钟内正确进入臂的百分比）来评估认知恢复情况，以及随后翻正反射的恢复（ROR）。注射芬太尼或舒芬太尼的动物在整个测试期间无法成功完成迷宫。接受瑞芬太尼的动物在第一个测试间隔（翻正反射恢复后立即）显示出认知恢复，而接受阿芬太尼、依托咪酯或丙泊酚的动物在翻正反射恢复后的15分钟测试间隔显示出恢复。在另一个实验中，在急性大鼠脑电图模型中评估了这些药物ED150剂量的静脉推注给药。翻正反射恢复后，瑞芬太尼、丙泊酚、阿芬太尼、依托咪酯、芬太尼和舒芬太尼分别在0.30、2.88、5.06、16.25、31.29和43.98分钟恢复到基线脑电图水平。这些数据表明，恢复到有效的认知功能与恢复到正常的基线脑电图波形相对应。
