Ioseliani T K, Sikharulidze N I, Kadagishvili A Ia, Mitashvili E G
Zh Vyssh Nerv Deiat Im I P Pavlova. 1995 Jul-Aug;45(4):686-92.
It was shown that if the rats had been learned and then tested using conventional pain punishment of erroneous choice they were able to solve the problem of alternative choice only in the period of immediate action of conditioned stimuli. If the pain punishment for erroneously chosen compartment had not been applied in animal learning and testing, rats successfully solved the problem of alternative choice even after 5-second delay. Introduction of pain punishment led to the frustration of earlier elaborated delayed avoidance reactions. Analysis of the obtained results allows us to argue that the apparent incapability of white rats for solving the problems of delayed avoidance is caused by simultaneous action of two different mechanisms, i.e., those of the active and passive avoidance rather than short-term memory deficit.
结果表明，如果大鼠经过学习，然后使用对错误选择的传统疼痛惩罚进行测试，它们只能在条件刺激的即时作用期间解决交替选择问题。如果在动物学习和测试中未对错误选择的隔室施加疼痛惩罚，大鼠即使在延迟5秒后也能成功解决交替选择问题。引入疼痛惩罚导致早期形成的延迟回避反应受挫。对所得结果的分析使我们能够认为，白鼠明显无法解决延迟回避问题是由两种不同机制同时作用引起的，即主动和被动回避机制，而不是短期记忆缺陷。
