Lombardi C, Pedrazzani E S, Pedrazzani J C, Ferreira Filho P, Zicker F
Organización Panamericana de la Salud, Setor de Embaixadas Norte, Brasília, D.F., Brasil.
Bol Oficina Sanit Panam. 1995 Nov;119(5):415-21.
The protection against leprosy conferred by BCG vaccination was evaluated in a case-control study. Selected for the study were 97 patients under 16 years of age who had been diagnosed with leprosy (cases) and 385 healthy persons (controls), who were matched according to sex, age, place of residence, and type of contact (intra- or extradomicilliary). The cases were selected from a register of active cases as well as a series of new leprosy patients treated in 50 centers in the city of São Paulo, Brasil. To estimate the protective effect of BCG, the prevalences of BCG scars among cases and controls were compared. The presence of one or more scars was associated with a protective efficacy of 90% (95% confidence interval: 78%-96%). Stratified analysis by age group, sex, socioeconomic level, and clinical form of leprosy did not reveal any important differences in the protection conferred by the vaccine. The significance of these findings and the appropriateness of using BCG in leprosy control programs is discussed.
在一项病例对照研究中评估了卡介苗接种对麻风病的预防作用。该研究选取了97名16岁以下被诊断为麻风病的患者（病例组）和385名健康人（对照组），对照组根据性别、年龄、居住地点和接触类型（家庭内或家庭外）进行匹配。病例组从圣保罗市50个中心的现患病例登记册以及一系列新的麻风病患者中选取。为了评估卡介苗的保护作用，比较了病例组和对照组中卡介苗疤痕的患病率。有一个或多个疤痕与90%的保护效力相关（95%置信区间：78%-96%）。按年龄组、性别、社会经济水平和麻风病临床类型进行的分层分析未发现疫苗提供的保护存在任何重要差异。讨论了这些发现的意义以及在麻风病控制项目中使用卡介苗的适宜性。
