Ito M, Yamashita S, Ashizawa K, Hara T, Namba H, Hoshi M, Shibata Y, Sekine I, Kotova L, Panasyuk G, Demidchick E P, Nagataki S
Department of Pathology, Nagasaki University School of Medicine, Japan.
Int J Cancer. 1996 Jan 3;65(1):29-33. doi: 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0215(19960103)65:1<29::AID-IJC6>3.0.CO;2-3.
We reviewed histopathologically 19 cases of childhood thyroid cancer occurring between 1991 and 1994 among 14,396 screening subjects in Gomel, Republic of Belarus, the region most severely radio-contaminated by the Chernobyl nuclear power plant accident in 1986. The patients were 13 girls and 6 boys with a mean age of 10.6 years. The mean age at the time of the accident was 3.2 years. Mean tumor diameter was 16 mm, and all cases were papillary carcinoma with various amounts of solid component. Psammoma bodies and stromal fibrosis were encountered to some extent in almost all cases. The tumors were highly prone to local invasion and regional lymph-node metastasis. No morphological evidence for radiation-induced cancer was obtained in these cases. 137Cs levels were relatively high in the patients' bodies and in the soil at the places of domicile. However, there was no dose-response relationship between cancer prevalence and radioactivity. These facts suggest that the incidence of aggressive pediatric thyroid cancer is extremely high in Gomel, where most of the children were exposed to a low level of radioactivity over a long time after the accident. At present, however, no definite conclusion can be drawn on the relationship between cancer occurrence and radioactive contamination.
我们对1991年至1994年间白俄罗斯共和国戈梅利地区14396名筛查对象中发生的19例儿童甲状腺癌进行了组织病理学检查。戈梅利地区是1986年切尔诺贝利核电站事故放射性污染最严重的地区。患者为13名女孩和6名男孩，平均年龄10.6岁。事故发生时的平均年龄为3.2岁。肿瘤平均直径为16毫米，所有病例均为具有不同量实性成分的乳头状癌。几乎所有病例在一定程度上都可见砂粒体和间质纤维化。肿瘤极易发生局部侵犯和区域淋巴结转移。在这些病例中未获得辐射诱发癌症的形态学证据。患者体内和居住地点的土壤中137Cs水平相对较高。然而，癌症患病率与放射性之间不存在剂量反应关系。这些事实表明，在戈梅利，侵袭性儿童甲状腺癌的发病率极高，那里的大多数儿童在事故后长期暴露于低水平放射性环境中。然而，目前关于癌症发生与放射性污染之间的关系尚无定论。
