MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 1996 Jan 26;45(3):57-61.
Screening methods and programs are critical strategies for the early detection and timely treatment of some cancers. Established methods for early detection of cancer include mammography, clinical breast examination (CBE), the Papanicolaou (Pap) test, proctosigmoidoscopy, fecal occult blood test (FOBT), and digital rectal examination (DRE) (1-4). To examine changes in the reported use of selected cancer screening tests, the National Cancer Institute analyzed data from CDC's National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) for 1987 and 1992 to calculate rates of use and compared these rates with the national health objectives for the year 2000 (5). This analysis suggests that, although the use of these tests increased, substantial progress is needed to meet the objectives.
筛查方法和项目是某些癌症早期检测和及时治疗的关键策略。已确立的癌症早期检测方法包括乳房X光检查、临床乳房检查（CBE）、巴氏涂片检查、直肠乙状结肠镜检查、粪便潜血试验（FOBT）和直肠指检（DRE）（1 - 4）。为了研究特定癌症筛查检测报告使用情况的变化，美国国立癌症研究所分析了疾病控制与预防中心（CDC）1987年和1992年的全国健康访谈调查（NHIS）数据，以计算使用率，并将这些比率与2000年的国家健康目标进行比较（5）。该分析表明，尽管这些检测的使用有所增加，但仍需取得重大进展才能实现目标。
