Benito J, Bayon J L, Montiano J, Sanchez J, Mintegui S, Vazquez C
Division of Pediatric Emergency Medicine, Basque Country University, País Vasco, Spain.
Pediatr Pulmonol. 1995 Sep;20(3):184-8. doi: 10.1002/ppul.1950200310.
To investigate recent changes in the epidemiology of acute asthma in children in a hospital setting, data from the Basque region of Bizkaia, Spain were reviewed for the period between 1987 and 1992. Over this period there was a 18% drop in hospital emergency visits for asthma in children aged 2-14 years from 1,697/100,000 to 1,382/100,000. It was associated with a decline in the number of annual episodes per patient and in the number of patients needing further hospital treatment for the same episode. Paradoxically, hospital admission rates rose by 35.9% from 298/100,000 to 405/100,000. A trend toward decreasing length of hospital stay, a fall in the number of intensive care unit admissions, and an absence of in-hospital deaths were observed. Comparing data from September 1987 with those of September 1992, a trend has been noticed toward greater intensity of emergency room treatment with increases in the number of doses of nebulized beta 2-agonists administered and in courses of oral prednisolone given. In September 1992 more patients were on maintenance "anti-inflammatory" inhaled therapy than in 1987.
为了调查医院环境中儿童急性哮喘流行病学的近期变化，我们回顾了西班牙比斯开省巴斯克地区1987年至1992年期间的数据。在此期间，2至14岁儿童因哮喘到医院急诊就诊的人数下降了18%，从每10万人1697例降至每10万人1382例。这与每位患者每年发作次数的减少以及同一发作需要进一步住院治疗的患者人数的减少有关。矛盾的是，住院率从每10万人298例上升到每10万人405例，上升了35.9%。观察到住院时间有缩短的趋势，重症监护病房收治人数下降，且无院内死亡病例。将1987年9月的数据与1992年9月的数据进行比较，发现急诊治疗强度有加大的趋势，雾化吸入β2激动剂的剂量和口服泼尼松龙的疗程均有所增加。1992年9月接受维持性“抗炎”吸入治疗的患者比1987年更多。
