Harrison J, Maguire P, Pitceathly C
Cancer Research Campaign Psychological Medicine Group, Christie Hospital, Manchester, England.
Soc Sci Med. 1995 Nov;41(9):1255-60. doi: 10.1016/0277-9536(94)00411-l.
Social support has been identified as a key predictor of psychological morbidity following adverse life-events. However, the majority of the research has focused exclusively on women, despite evidence of significant gender difference in the utilisation and role of social support. To examine gender differences in patterns of confiding crisis, 520 subjects were interviewed within 8 weeks of a cancer diagnosis. Men were as likely as women to have confided their main concern in others (61% mainly or fully confided vs 67% of women, P = 0.308) but were much more likely to have used only one confidante (45% vs 25% of women, P < 0.001) while women made use of a wider circle of family, friends and partner and used more confidantes overall. The results confirm marked gender differences in the utilisation of social support at times of crisis and call into question the extent to which support research using exclusively female samples can be generalized.
社会支持已被确定为不良生活事件后心理发病的关键预测因素。然而，尽管有证据表明社会支持的利用和作用存在显著的性别差异，但大多数研究仅关注女性。为了研究倾诉危机模式中的性别差异，在癌症诊断后的8周内对520名受试者进行了访谈。男性向他人倾诉主要担忧的可能性与女性相同（61%主要或完全倾诉，而女性为67%，P = 0.308），但男性更有可能只使用一个倾诉对象（45%，而女性为25%，P < 0.001），而女性会利用更广泛的家人、朋友和伴侣圈子，总体上使用的倾诉对象更多。结果证实了危机时刻社会支持利用方面存在明显的性别差异，并质疑仅使用女性样本的支持性研究能够推广的程度。
