Hefel L, Schwabegger A, Ninković M, Wechselberger G, Moriggl B, Waldenberger P, Anderl H
University Clinic for Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Innsbruck, Austria.
Br J Plast Surg. 1995 Dec;48(8):527-32. doi: 10.1016/0007-1226(95)90039-x.
This study was designed to investigate the anatomy of the internal mammary (thoracic) artery (IMA) and comitant vein(s) (IMV) relevant to their use in microsurgery. We dissected the internal mammary (thoracic) vessels bilaterally in 86 cadavers from the clavicle down to the 6th rib. At the level of the 4th rib, the distance between the sternum and the IMA was large enough [range 10.0-23.6 mm] and the diameter of the IMA [range 0.99-2.55 mm] and comitant vein(s) [range 0.64-4.45 mm] wide enough for both end-to-end and/or end-to-side anastomosis. These results were in close agreement with supplementary measurements obtained by Doppler ultrasound in 34 healthy female volunteers. Based on all these findings we suggest that the internal mammary vessels are suitable recipient vessels for free tissue transfers in the thoracic region, especially for breast reconstruction with the free transverse rectus abdominis myocutaneous (TRAM) flap.
本研究旨在调查与显微外科应用相关的胸廓内动脉（IMA）及伴行静脉（IMV）的解剖结构。我们在86具尸体上双侧解剖胸廓内血管，范围从锁骨至第6肋。在第4肋水平，胸骨与IMA之间的距离足够大[范围为10.0 - 23.6毫米]，IMA的直径[范围为0.99 - 2.55毫米]以及伴行静脉的直径[范围为0.64 - 4.45毫米]足以进行端端和/或端侧吻合。这些结果与34名健康女性志愿者通过多普勒超声获得的补充测量结果密切一致。基于所有这些发现，我们认为胸廓内血管是胸部区域游离组织移植的合适受区血管，特别是对于游离腹直肌肌皮瓣（TRAM）进行乳房重建。
