Hypercholesterolemia increases manganese superoxide dismutase immunoreactive macrophages in myocardium.

The effect of hypercholesterolemia on manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD)-containing macrophages was investigated in male New Zealand white rabbits. Macrophages from control animals, which were marked with the RAM-11 antibody, demonstrated co-localization with MnSOD immunoreactivity, e.g. in the peri- and paravascular space within the myocardium, but not in the bone marrow. In rabbits fed a 0.5% cholesterol-enriched diet for 42 days, a significant increase (P < 0.01) of MnSOD-immunoreactive macrophages within the myocardium was found concomitant to the drastic elevation of serum cholesterol level. In the bone marrow, MnSOD immunoreactivity did not change after cholesterol feeding. Thus in cholesterol-fed rabbits, the increase of MnSOD-containing macrophages seems to parallel that of lipoproteins. MnSOD is considered as being protective against the cytotoxic effects of those superoxide anions, possibly generated in macrophages, which are involved in the metabolism of modified lipoproteins.