Baimi V, Rattanarithikul R, Kijchalao U
Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.
J Am Mosq Control Assoc. 1995 Sep;11(3):323-8.
Metaphase karyotypes of 2 and 3 species of the Umbrosus and the Barbirostris Groups, respectively, of the subgenus Anopheles occurring in Thailand and Indonesia show inter- and intraspecific differences with respect to the amount and distribution of constitutive heterochromatin in the sex chromosomes and/or autosomes. Four forms of metaphase karyotypes have been recognized in the wild samples of Anopheles barbirostris based on differences in size and shape of X and Y chromosomes. It is not known whether forms A, B, and C of the metaphase karyotype of An. barbirostris found in Thailand represent inter- or intraspecific differences. However, form D, which occurs only in Indonesia, may represent a mitotic karyotype of a distinct species closely related to An. barbirostris. Anopheles campestris and An. barbumbrosus are each readily separated from An. barbirostris by mitotic chromosomes. Anopheles umbrosus and An. letifer of the Umbrosus Group also exhibit heterochromatin variation in the X chromosomes. These 2 species can be readily distinguished by the gross morphology of mitotic karyotypes, particularly the X and Y chromosomes.
在泰国和印度尼西亚出现的按蚊亚属中，分别有2种和3种属于翁布罗按蚊组和须喙按蚊组的中期核型，在性染色体和/或常染色体上组成型异染色质的数量和分布方面显示出种间和种内差异。基于X和Y染色体大小和形状的差异，在须喙按蚊的野生样本中识别出了四种中期核型形式。尚不清楚在泰国发现的须喙按蚊中期核型的A、B和C形式代表种间差异还是种内差异。然而，仅在印度尼西亚出现的D形式可能代表与须喙按蚊密切相关的一个独特物种的有丝分裂核型。田野按蚊和须喙暗按蚊均可通过有丝分裂染色体与须喙按蚊轻易区分。翁布罗按蚊组的翁布罗按蚊和莱蒂弗按蚊在X染色体上也表现出异染色质变异。这两个物种可以通过有丝分裂核型的总体形态，特别是X和Y染色体，很容易区分开来。
