Stehrer-Schmid P, Wolf H U
Abteilung Pharmakologie und Toxikologie, Universität Ulm, Germany.
Mutat Res. 1995 Dec;345(3-4):111-25. doi: 10.1016/0165-1218(95)90047-0.
The carbamate insecticides benfuracarb, carbosulfan and furathiocarb were investigated in the mouse bone marrow micronucleus assay to establish whether they show cytogenetic activity in vivo. Two doses of each substance were administered intraperitoneally to NMRI mice. All of the three substances led to a positive micronucleus response in polychromatic erythrocytes of the bone marrow at different expression times. While furathiocarb and carbosulfan showed similar patterns of the time-dependence of the micronucleus formation with maximum values after 72 h, benfuracarb exhibited a different behaviour with the maximum increase taking place within 24 h after substance application. In furathiocarb-treated animals the ratio of normochromatic to polychromatic erythrocytes showed a dose and time depending increase with the highest value obtained after 72 h in animals treated with the upper dose. The two yeast test systems Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains D7 and D61.M were applied in order to evaluate the genetic endpoints gene mutation, gene conversion and aneuploidy induction. None of the three insecticides had an influence on the frequencies of gene conversion and reverse mutation in the yeast S. cerevisiae D7 when tested with and without metabolic activation. In strain D61.M however benfuracarb and furathiocarb led to an increase of chromosome loss in the presence of the S9 metabolizing system.
对氨基甲酸酯类杀虫剂丙硫克百威、丁硫克百威和呋线威进行了小鼠骨髓微核试验，以确定它们在体内是否具有细胞遗传学活性。将每种物质的两种剂量腹腔注射给NMRI小鼠。所有这三种物质在不同的表达时间均导致骨髓多染红细胞出现阳性微核反应。虽然呋线威和丁硫克百威显示出相似的微核形成时间依赖性模式，在72小时后达到最大值，但丙硫克百威表现出不同的行为，在给药后24小时内出现最大增加。在用呋线威处理的动物中，正染红细胞与多染红细胞的比例呈现出剂量和时间依赖性增加，在给予高剂量的动物中，72小时后达到最高值。应用两种酵母测试系统酿酒酵母菌株D7和D61.M来评估基因突变、基因转换和非整倍体诱导等遗传终点。在有和没有代谢活化的情况下进行测试时，这三种杀虫剂均对酿酒酵母D7中的基因转换频率和回复突变没有影响。然而，在菌株D61.M中，丙硫克百威和呋线威在存在S9代谢系统的情况下导致染色体丢失增加。
