White M J, Nichols C N, Cook R S, Spengler P M, Walker B S, Look K K
Department of Counseling Psychology, Ball State University, Muncie, IN 47306-0585, USA.
Am J Ment Retard. 1995 Nov;100(3):293-8.
Clinicians who minimize the significance of emotional disorders in persons with mental retardation may be displaying the diagnostic overshadowing judgmental bias. A meta-analysis of the existing literature on this bias was conducted to determine its reliability, the size of its effect, and its potential clinical significance. Results show the effect to be reliable across studies; the size of the effect was small to moderate. Interpretation of the clinical significance of these results is clouded by the absence of in vivo studies. Additional concerns include insufficient attention given to clinician and situational variables moderating the presence of diagnostic overshadowing.
那些将智力障碍患者情绪障碍的重要性降至最低的临床医生，可能表现出了诊断掩盖判断偏差。对关于这种偏差的现有文献进行了一项荟萃分析，以确定其可靠性、效应大小及其潜在的临床意义。结果表明，该效应在各项研究中是可靠的；效应大小为小到中等。由于缺乏实际研究，这些结果的临床意义难以解读。其他问题还包括对调节诊断掩盖存在的临床医生和情境变量关注不足。
