Bertrand E, Frances Y, Lafay V
Service de Médecine Interne, Hôpital Nord, Marseille.
Bull Acad Natl Med. 1995 Oct;179(7):1471-80; discussion 1481.
The effects of exercise training on blood pressure (BP) are reviewed. BP rises during exercise and lowers in the post-exercise period. Regular physical training result in a significant lowering of BP at rest as long as the training is continued. Moreover exercise training result in a BP lowering during exercise which is greater in hypertensive patients than in normotensive subjects. A favourable effect is observed also on ambulatory blood pressure, but the night-time blood pressure is not lowered. The mechanisms of training-induced changes of BP are not sufficiently known. The exercise training seems act on systemic vascular resistance, plasma catecholamine, PGE2 and taurine levels, renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system. As adequate physical training can reduce BP, we can consider it is a non pharmacological treatment of hypertension: mainly for border lines, labile and mild hypertensives patients. For certain hypertensive patients, some sports can be permitted when no target organ is involved.
本文综述了运动训练对血压（BP）的影响。运动期间血压升高，运动后血压降低。只要持续进行规律的体育锻炼，静息血压就会显著降低。此外，运动训练会使运动期间的血压降低，高血压患者的降幅大于血压正常者。动态血压也呈现出有益效果，但夜间血压并未降低。运动训练引起血压变化的机制尚不完全清楚。运动训练似乎作用于全身血管阻力、血浆儿茶酚胺、前列腺素E2和牛磺酸水平以及肾素 - 血管紧张素 - 醛固酮系统。由于适当的体育锻炼可以降低血压，我们可以认为它是高血压的一种非药物治疗方法：主要适用于临界、不稳定和轻度高血压患者。对于某些高血压患者，在未累及靶器官时可允许进行一些运动。
