Mangelsdorf S C, Shapiro J R, Marzolf D
Department of Psychology, University of Illinois, Champaign 61820, USA.
Child Dev. 1995 Dec;66(6):1817-28.
One of the major adaptations during the infancy period is the development of the ability to cope with arousing or uncertain events. The following study was designed to examine emotion regulation strategy use between 6 and 18 months. 75 infants (25 each of 6-, 12-, and 18-month-olds) were videotaped interacting with 3 female strangers. Coping strategies were coded using a portable computer with a continuous sampling program, enabling coders to record both frequencies and durations of behaviors. Results indicated that 6-month-olds were more likely than 12- or 18-month-olds to use gaze aversion and fussing as their primary emotion regulation strategies, and were less likely than the older infants to use self-soothing and self-distraction. 18-month-olds were more likely than the younger infants to attempt to direct their interactions with the strangers. Infants' strategy use also differed as a function of their wariness of strangers, particularly at 12 months of age.
婴儿期的主要适应之一是应对引起兴奋或不确定事件的能力的发展。以下研究旨在考察6至18个月大婴儿的情绪调节策略运用情况。75名婴儿（6个月、12个月和18个月大的各25名）与3名女性陌生人互动时被录像。使用带有连续采样程序的便携式计算机对应对策略进行编码，使编码人员能够记录行为的频率和持续时间。结果表明，6个月大的婴儿比12个月或18个月大的婴儿更有可能将目光回避和哭闹作为主要的情绪调节策略，且比年龄较大的婴儿更不可能使用自我安抚和自我分散注意力的方法。18个月大的婴儿比年幼的婴儿更有可能试图引导他们与陌生人的互动。婴儿的策略运用也因其对陌生人的警惕程度而异，尤其是在12个月大时。
