Bates P J, Farr S J, Nicholls P J
Welsh School of Pharmacy, University of Wales College of Cardiff, United Kingdom.
Exp Lung Res. 1995 Sep-Oct;21(5):643-65. doi: 10.3109/01902149509050834.
Byssinosis is an occupational lung disease in textile mill workers exposed to the respirable dusts of cotton, hemp, and flax. This study investigated the influence of aqueous extracts from these dusts on overall lung permeability in the guinea pig as an index of respiratory epithelial damage. Lung permeability was assessed by absorption into blood from the lung of inhaled technetium-99m diethylenetriamine penta-acetate (Tc-DTPA) using gamma-scintigraphy. The half-life for Tc-DTPA absorption (t1/2) was significantly reduced following a 4-week inhalation treatment with cotton, hemp, or flax dust extracts when compared to saline control. There was at least a partial return to normal permeability 7 days after stopping treatment. A single inhalation of extract did not affect the t1/2, but increased the number of neutrophils in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid 24 h postexposure. Neutrophil migration into the airspaces therefore appeared to precede the increased lung permeability. Long-term exposure was not associated with respiratory epithelial shedding, suggesting that the increased permeability reflects a loss of epithelial tight junction integrity arising from repeated exposure to as yet undefined agents in these dusts.
棉尘病是一种在纺织厂工人中出现的职业性肺病，这些工人接触棉、麻和亚麻的可吸入粉尘。本研究调查了这些粉尘的水提取物对豚鼠肺总体通透性的影响，以此作为呼吸上皮损伤的指标。通过使用γ闪烁显像术，测定吸入的锝-99m二乙三胺五乙酸（Tc-DTPA）从肺吸收进入血液的情况来评估肺通透性。与生理盐水对照组相比，用棉、麻或亚麻粉尘提取物进行4周吸入治疗后，Tc-DTPA吸收的半衰期（t1/2）显著缩短。停止治疗7天后，通透性至少部分恢复正常。单次吸入提取物不影响t1/2，但在暴露后24小时增加了支气管肺泡灌洗液中中性粒细胞的数量。因此，中性粒细胞向气腔的迁移似乎先于肺通透性增加。长期暴露与呼吸上皮脱落无关，这表明通透性增加反映了由于反复接触这些粉尘中尚未明确的物质而导致的上皮紧密连接完整性丧失。
