Norrish A, North D, Yee R L, Jackson R
Department of Community Health, School of Medicine, University of Auckland, New Zealand.
Int J Epidemiol. 1995 Oct;24(5):908-14. doi: 10.1093/ije/24.5.908.
The purpose of this study is to describe associations between a number of standard cardiovascular risk factors and all-cause mortality.
Mortality data were collected for a randomly selected cohort of 1029 New Zealand men aged 35-64 years, followed up over a 9-year period. A proportional hazards regression model was used to estimate the relative risks (RR) for all-cause mortality associated with a number of cardiovascular risk factors.
In all, 96 deaths occurred over the 9-year period, of which 50% were due to cardiovascular causes. All-cause mortality was positively associated with cigarette smoking (age-adjusted RR = 2.01, 95% CI:1.15-3.53, current versus never), systolic blood pressure (age-adjusted RR = 2.18, 95% CI:1.23-4.44, upper versus lower tertile), and body mass index (age-adjusted RR = 1.59, 95% CI:0.94-2.66, upper versus lower tertile) and inversely associated with high density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol (age-adjusted RR = 0.45, 95% CI:0.25-0.80, upper versus lower tertile). All-cause mortality was only weakly associated with serum total cholesterol (age-adjusted RR = 1.19, 95% CI:0.70-1.99, upper versus lower tertile), and there was no evidence of a U-shaped relationship for this risk factor. There was an inverse association between all-cause mortality and socioeconomic status (age-adjusted RR = 1.70, 95% CI:1.03-2.80, lower versus upper). Light alcohol consumption was associated with reduced all-cause mortality (age-adjusted RR = 0.63, 95% CI:0.37-1.05, light versus teetotal), but this benefit did not persist for alcohol consumption above about three standard drinks per day.
The findings of this study indicate that the standard cardiovascular risk factors are likely to have a beneficial impact on all-cause mortality as well as cardiovascular disease in middle-aged and older men.
本研究旨在描述一系列标准心血管危险因素与全因死亡率之间的关联。
收集了随机选取的1029名年龄在35 - 64岁的新西兰男性的死亡率数据，并进行了为期9年的随访。采用比例风险回归模型来估计与多种心血管危险因素相关的全因死亡率的相对风险（RR）。
在这9年期间，总共发生了96例死亡，其中50%是由心血管原因导致的。全因死亡率与吸烟（年龄调整RR = 2.01，95%CI：1.15 - 3.53，当前吸烟者与从不吸烟者相比）、收缩压（年龄调整RR = 2.18，95%CI：1.23 - 4.44，三分位数上限与下限相比）和体重指数（年龄调整RR = 1.59，95%CI：0.94 - 2.66，三分位数上限与下限相比）呈正相关，与高密度脂蛋白（HDL）胆固醇呈负相关（年龄调整RR = 0.45，95%CI：0.25 - 0.80，三分位数上限与下限相比）。全因死亡率仅与血清总胆固醇呈弱相关（年龄调整RR = 1.19，95%CI：0.70 - 1.99，三分位数上限与下限相比），并且没有证据表明该危险因素存在U型关系。全因死亡率与社会经济地位呈负相关（年龄调整RR = 1.70，95%CI：1.03 - 2.80，较低与较高社会经济地位相比）。轻度饮酒与全因死亡率降低相关（年龄调整RR = 0.63，95%CI：0.37 - 1.05，轻度饮酒者与戒酒者相比），但每天饮酒量超过约三杯标准饮品时，这种益处就不再持续。
本研究结果表明，标准心血管危险因素可能对中年及老年男性的全因死亡率以及心血管疾病产生有益影响。
