Nippold M A, Rudzinski M
University of Oregon, Eugene, USA.
J Speech Hear Res. 1995 Oct;38(5):978-89. doi: 10.1044/jshr.3805.978.
The role of parents in relation to their children's stuttering has been of great interest to speech-language pathologists for more than 50 years. As part of treatment, speech-language pathologists frequently advise parents to modify their speech behaviors when talking with their children. For example, parents are often told to speak more slowly and to refrain from interrupting or questioning the child excessively. Given the commonness of this advice, it is important to examine the research upon which it is based. This article contains a critical review of the literature concerning the role of parents' speech behaviors (e.g., rate, interruptions, question-asking) in relation to their children's stuttering. Published studies are reported and analyzed in order to determine the extent to which parents may affect their children's stuttering through their own speech behaviors. The review indicates that there is little convincing evidence to support the view that parents of children who stutter differ from parents of children who do not stutter in the way they talk with their children. Similarly, there is little objective support for the argument that parents' speech behaviors contribute to children's stuttering or that modifying parents' speech behaviors facilitates children's fluency. Implications for treatment and for future research are discussed.
五十多年来，言语病理学家一直对父母在孩子口吃问题上所起的作用极为关注。作为治疗的一部分，言语病理学家经常建议父母在与孩子交谈时改变自己的言语行为。例如，他们常常告诉父母说话要更慢一些，避免过度打断或询问孩子。鉴于此建议很常见，审视其背后的研究依据就显得很重要。本文对有关父母言语行为（如语速、打断、提问）在孩子口吃问题上所起作用的文献进行了批判性综述。报告并分析了已发表的研究，以确定父母在多大程度上可能通过自身言语行为影响孩子的口吃情况。综述表明，几乎没有令人信服的证据支持这样的观点：口吃孩子的父母在与孩子交谈的方式上与非口吃孩子的父母存在差异。同样，也几乎没有客观依据支持父母的言语行为会导致孩子口吃，或者改变父母的言语行为能促进孩子流畅说话的观点。文中还讨论了对治疗及未来研究的启示。
