Talley N J, Fleming K C, Evans J M, O'Keefe E A, Weaver A L, Zinsmeister A R, Melton L J
Division of Gastroenterology and Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.
Am J Gastroenterol. 1996 Jan;91(1):19-25.
The epidemiology of chronic constipation in the elderly remains poorly defined. We aimed to study the prevalence of, and potential risk factors for, constipation in a representative elderly community, using symptom-based diagnostic criteria.
An age and gender-stratified random sample of 1833 eligible residents of Olmsted County, Minnesota, aged 65 yr and over, was mailed a valid self-report questionnaire; 1375 responded (75%).
The overall age- and gender-adjusted prevalence (per 100) of any constipation was 40.1 (95% CI 38.9, 44.4); for functional constipation and outlet difficulty or delay, the prevalence rates were 24.4 (95% CI 22.0-26.9) and 20.5 (95% CI 18.2-22.8), respectively. Self-reported constipation did not reliably identify functional constipation or outlet delay. Outlet delay, but not functional constipation, was more frequent in women; functional constipation, but not outlet delay, was associated with advancing age. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and other medications were significant risk factors in subjects with functional constipation and outlet delay combined.
In independently living, elderly persons, constipation is a common complaint; among these subjects, there appear to be symptom subgroups that can be identified.
老年人慢性便秘的流行病学情况仍未明确界定。我们旨在使用基于症状的诊断标准，研究一个具有代表性的老年社区中便秘的患病率及潜在风险因素。
对明尼苏达州奥尔姆斯特德县1833名年龄在65岁及以上的符合条件居民进行年龄和性别分层随机抽样，邮寄有效的自我报告问卷；1375人回复（75%）。
经年龄和性别调整后的任何便秘总体患病率（每100人）为40.1（95%可信区间38.9, 44.4）；功能性便秘和出口梗阻或延迟的患病率分别为24.4（95%可信区间22.0 - 26.9）和20.5（95%可信区间18.2 - 22.8）。自我报告的便秘并不能可靠地识别功能性便秘或出口延迟。出口延迟在女性中更常见，而功能性便秘并非如此；功能性便秘与年龄增长相关，出口延迟则不然。非甾体抗炎药和其他药物是功能性便秘和出口延迟合并存在的受试者的重要风险因素。
在独立生活的老年人中，便秘是一种常见主诉；在这些受试者中，似乎存在可识别的症状亚组。
