Blanchard E B, Hickling E J, Taylor A E, Loos W R, Forneris C A, Jaccard J
Center for Stress and Anxiety Disorders, University at Albany-SUNY 12203, USA.
Behav Res Ther. 1996 Jan;34(1):1-10. doi: 10.1016/0005-7967(95)00058-6.
Within 1 to 4 months of their motor vehicle accident (MVA), we assessed 158 MVA victims who sought medical attention as a result of the MVA. Using the Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale (CAPS: Blake, Weathers, Nagy, Kaloupek, Klauminzer, Charney & Keane, 1990. National Center for Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder, Boston, MA)., we found that 62 (39%) met DSM-III-R (American Psychiatric Association, 1987. Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Press) criteria for Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder. Using variables from the victim's account of the accident and its sequelae, pre-MVA psychosocial functioning, demographic variables, pre-MVA psychopathology and degree of physical injury, we found that 70% of the subjects could be classified as PTSD or not with 4 variables: prior major depression, fear of dying in the MVA, extent of physical injury and whether litigation had been initiated. Using multiple regression to predict the continuous variable of total CAPS score, as a measure of post-traumatic stress symptoms, we found that 8 variables combined to predict 38.1% of variance (Multiple R = 0.617).
在机动车事故（MVA）发生后的1至4个月内，我们对158名因MVA寻求医疗救治的受害者进行了评估。使用临床医生管理的创伤后应激障碍量表（CAPS：Blake、Weathers、Nagy、Kaloupek、Klauminzer、Charney和Keane，1990年。马萨诸塞州波士顿国家创伤后应激障碍中心），我们发现62名（39%）符合《精神疾病诊断与统计手册》第三版修订版（美国精神病学协会，1987年。华盛顿特区：美国精神病学出版社）创伤后应激障碍的标准。利用受害者对事故及其后果的描述、事故前的心理社会功能、人口统计学变量、事故前的精神病理学以及身体损伤程度等变量，我们发现70%的受试者可以通过以下4个变量被分类为患有创伤后应激障碍或未患：既往重度抑郁症、在MVA中对死亡的恐惧、身体损伤程度以及是否已提起诉讼。使用多元回归来预测作为创伤后应激症状指标的CAPS总分这一连续变量，我们发现8个变量共同预测了38.1%的方差（复相关系数R = 0.617）。
