Li Y R
Institute of Occupational Medicine, Chinese Academy of Preventive Medicine, Beijing, China.
Biomed Environ Sci. 1995 Sep;8(3):211-7.
Silicosis is one of the most serious occupational diseases which affect many workers' health in China. Under the guidance of policies from the Chinese Government, the industries, health care institutions, scientists and workers were organized and have made great efforts in prevention and treatment of silicosis as well as pneumoconiosis. Since the 1960s, the national health standards and chest X-ray diagnosis criteria for silicosis were established and have been revised recently. A nationwide epidemiological survey revealed that the cumulative pneumoconiosis cases were about 4,800,000 (1949-1992). The high prevalence rate has been the motivation to search for anti-silicotic drugs. Several kinds of anti-silicotic drugs were studied and found to be able to retard progression of silicosis and cause changes in X-ray picture. The mechanism of drug efficiency and the development of silicosis have attracted the interest of scientists in this fields and fruitful results have been obtained. For prevention of dust hazards, the systematic design for facilities of dust collection and the isolation of dust source appropriate to township industries have been worked out and used widely. Recently, under the supervision of the Ministry of Public Health, China, a pilot study on counter-measure for industrial hazards and health care service in township industries has been instituted.
矽肺是中国影响众多工人健康的最严重职业病之一。在中国政府政策的指导下，各行业、医疗卫生机构、科学家和工人组织起来，在矽肺以及尘肺病的防治方面做出了巨大努力。自20世纪60年代以来，国家制定了矽肺的卫生标准和胸部X线诊断标准，最近进行了修订。一项全国性的流行病学调查显示，累计尘肺病病例约为480万（1949 - 1992年）。高患病率促使人们寻找抗矽肺药物。研究了几种抗矽肺药物，发现它们能够延缓矽肺的进展并使X线影像发生变化。药物疗效机制和矽肺的发展引起了该领域科学家的兴趣，并取得了丰硕成果。为预防粉尘危害，已制定了适用于乡镇企业的集尘设施系统设计和尘源隔离措施，并得到广泛应用。最近，在中国卫生部的监督下，开展了一项关于乡镇企业工业危害对策和医疗保健服务的试点研究。
