Brown K E, Young N S
Hematology Branch, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, MD 20892-1652, USA.
Blood Rev. 1995 Sep;9(3):176-82. doi: 10.1016/0268-960x(95)90023-3.
Parvovirus B19, the only known human pathogenic parvovirus, is highly tropic to human bone marrow and replicates only in erythroid progenitor cells. The basis of this erythroid tropism is the tissue distribution of the B19 cellular receptor, globoside (blood group P antigen). In individuals with underlying hemolytic disorders, infection with parvovirus B19 is the primary cause of transient aplastic crisis (TAC). In immunocompromised patients, persistent B19 infection may develop that manifests as pure red cell aplasia and chronic anemia. B19 infection in utero can result in fetal death, hydrops fetalis, or congenital anemia. Diagnosis is based on examination of the bone marrow and B19 virological studies. Treatment of persistent infection with immunoglobulin leads to a rapid marked resolution of the anemia.
细小病毒B19是唯一已知的人类致病性细小病毒，对人类骨髓具有高度嗜性，且仅在红系祖细胞中复制。这种红系嗜性的基础是B19细胞受体——糖苷脂（血型P抗原）的组织分布。在患有潜在溶血性疾病的个体中，感染细小病毒B19是短暂再生障碍危象（TAC）的主要原因。在免疫功能低下的患者中，可能会发生持续性B19感染，表现为纯红细胞再生障碍和慢性贫血。子宫内感染B19可导致胎儿死亡、胎儿水肿或先天性贫血。诊断基于骨髓检查和B19病毒学研究。用免疫球蛋白治疗持续性感染可使贫血迅速明显缓解。
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