Hoffman M D, Clifford P S, Watts P B, O'Hagan K P, Mittelstadt S W
Dept. of Physical Med. & Rehabilitation, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, USA.
Can J Appl Physiol. 1995 Dec;20(4):465-79. doi: 10.1139/h95-037.
Delta efficiencies for uphill roller skiing with the double pole (DP) and diagonal stride (DS) techniques were determined among 4 female and 4 male cross-country ski racers in order to examine for differences between techniques and between the sexes. Each skier roller-skied on a motorized ski-treadmill at 1.7% and 7.1% grades with both techniques at 2 to 4 different speeds. Steady-state oxygen uptake values were used to calculate the differences in metabolic requirements for roller skiing at the 2 grades (delta E). The differences in external work rates between the 2 grades (delta W) were calculated from the work rates for overcoming rolling resistance and elevating the transported mass against gravity. Delta efficiencies (delta W/ delta E) ranged from 14 to 36%, were significantly greater (p < 0.001) for DS than DP, and showed a significant (p < 0.01) velocity effect for DS. Delta efficiencies were 27% greater (p < 0.05) for the women compared with the men for DP, and significant (p < 0.05) correlations were found between efficiency for DP and body mass. This suggests that the higher efficiency with DP for female skiers is at least partially due to their lower body mass.
为了研究双杖（DP）和斜线滑步（DS）技术在上坡越野滑雪中的效率差异以及性别差异，对4名女性和4名男性越野滑雪运动员进行了测试。每位滑雪者使用这两种技术，在电动滑雪跑步机上以1.7%和7.1%的坡度、2至4种不同速度进行轮滑。使用稳态摄氧量值来计算在这两种坡度下滑雪时代谢需求的差异（δE）。两种坡度之间的外部功率差异（δW）通过克服滚动阻力和提升运输质量对抗重力的功率来计算。δ效率（δW/δE）范围为14%至36%，DS技术的δ效率显著高于DP技术（p < 0.001），并且DS技术显示出显著的速度效应（p < 0.01）。DP技术中，女性的δ效率比男性高27%（p < 0.05），并且发现DP技术的效率与体重之间存在显著相关性（p < 0.05）。这表明女性滑雪者使用DP技术时效率较高至少部分归因于她们较低的体重。
