Huang H, Weng X, Shen R
General Hospital of PLA, Beijing.
Zhonghua Fu Chan Ke Za Zhi. 1995 Aug;30(8):454-6.
Using nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to detect Intrauterine transmission of human cytomegalovirus (HCMV).
Ninety one cases of pregnant women were devided into three groups according to their gestational stages. In the first and second trimesters, they terminated pregnancy voluntarily. HCMV-DNA in maternal and cord blood as well as placenta were detected respectively by nested PCR.
In the first trimester, 20 out of 30 cases were infected, Intrauterine transmission occured in 8 of the 20 infected mothers (HCMV-DNA were found in the chorionic villus). In the second trimester, 21 out of 30 cases were infected, 7 of them transmitted HCMV to their fetus through placenta. In this term, the placenta infection rate is 40% (12/30). In the third trimester, 23 out of 31 cases women infected HCMV, 18 of them transmitted HCMV to their fetus through placenta, the placenta infection rate is 66.67% (20/30). The congenital infection rate is 58.06% (18/31), much higher than the reported levels marked by cord sera IgM and (or) infants viremia.
HCMV transmitted from mother to infant mainly through placenta. Nested PCR provides a valuable method that can detected virus infection not limited by virus reproduction state and human immuno-reaction ability.
采用巢式聚合酶链反应（PCR）检测人巨细胞病毒（HCMV）的宫内传播。
91例孕妇按孕周分为三组。孕早期和孕中期孕妇自愿终止妊娠。分别采用巢式PCR检测母血、脐血及胎盘组织中的HCMV-DNA。
孕早期30例中20例感染，20例感染孕妇中8例发生宫内传播（绒毛膜绒毛中检测到HCMV-DNA）。孕中期30例中21例感染，其中7例通过胎盘将HCMV传播给胎儿。本期胎盘感染率为40%（12/30）。孕晚期31例孕妇中23例感染HCMV，其中18例通过胎盘将HCMV传播给胎儿，胎盘感染率为66.67%（20/30）。先天性感染率为58.06%（18/31），远高于以往以脐血IgM和（或）婴儿病毒血症为指标报道的水平。
HCMV母婴传播主要通过胎盘。巢式PCR为病毒感染检测提供了一种有价值的方法，该方法不受病毒复制状态和人体免疫反应能力的限制。
