Furukawa K, Kimura N
Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.
Environ Health Perspect. 1995 Jun;103 Suppl 5(Suppl 5):21-3. doi: 10.1289/ehp.95103s421.
Biphenyl(BP)-utilizing bacteria, which include both Gram-negative and Gram-positive strains, are ubiquitously distributed in the environment. These bacteria co-metabolically degrade a variety of polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) congeners to the corresponding chlorobenzoic acids through 2,3-dioxygenation. Certain strains degrade even highly chlorinated PCBs through 3,4-dioxygenation. The ring meta-cleavage dioxygenase purified from Pseudomonas pseudoalcaligenes KF707 is a homo-octamer containing ferrous ions as the essential cofactor. Transposon mutants revealed that the bph-encoded enzymes possess a wide range of substrate specificity for various aromatic hydrocarbons. The bphABCXD gene cluster coding for the degradation of PCBs to chlorobenzoic acids was first cloned from P. pseudocaligenes KF707 and sequenced and then was cloned from a number of BP-utilizing strains and sequenced. Some strains possess a bph operon that is very similar, if not identical, to that of KF707. Some bph genes share homologies with different degrees. Deletion and shuffling of bph genes are also found.
利用联苯（BP）的细菌，包括革兰氏阴性菌和革兰氏阳性菌，在环境中广泛分布。这些细菌通过2,3-双加氧作用将多种多氯联苯（PCB）同系物共代谢降解为相应的氯苯甲酸。某些菌株甚至通过3,4-双加氧作用降解高度氯化的多氯联苯。从假产碱假单胞菌KF707中纯化的环间位裂解双加氧酶是一种含有亚铁离子作为必需辅因子的同八聚体。转座子突变体表明，bph编码的酶对各种芳香烃具有广泛的底物特异性。编码将多氯联苯降解为氯苯甲酸的bphABCXD基因簇首先从假产碱假单胞菌KF707中克隆并测序，然后从许多利用BP的菌株中克隆并测序。一些菌株拥有与KF707的bph操纵子非常相似（如果不是完全相同）的操纵子。一些bph基因具有不同程度的同源性。还发现了bph基因的缺失和改组。
