Rohde P, Lewinsohn P M, Seeley J R
Oregon Research Institute, Eugene 97403-1983, USA.
J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 1996 Jan;35(1):101-9. doi: 10.1097/00004583-199601000-00018.
To delineate the degree to which various levels of problematic alcohol use are associated with psychiatric disorders in adolescents.
The lifetime occurrence of psychiatric disorders was examined in a community sample of 1,507 older adolescents (aged 14 through 18 years) who were categorized according to their alcohol use (i.e., abstainers, experimenters, social drinkers, problem drinkers, and abuse/dependence group).
Increased alcohol use was associated with the increased lifetime occurrence of depressive disorders, disruptive behavior disorders, drug use disorders, and daily tobacco use. There was a trend for increased alcohol use in girls to be associated with anxiety disorders. More than 80% of adolescents with alcohol abuse/dependence had some other form of psychopathology. Alcohol disorders, in general, followed rather than preceded the onset of other psychiatric disorders. Comorbidity was associated with an earlier age of alcohol disorder onset and with greater likelihood of mental health treatment utilization.
Rates of psychiatric comorbidity with problematic alcohol use in adolescents are striking and represent an important therapeutic challenge.
明确青少年不同程度的酒精使用问题与精神障碍之间的关联程度。
在一个由1507名年龄较大的青少年（14至18岁）组成的社区样本中，调查精神障碍的终生患病率，这些青少年根据其酒精使用情况进行分类（即戒酒者、尝试饮酒者、社交饮酒者、问题饮酒者以及滥用/依赖组）。
酒精使用量增加与抑郁障碍、破坏性行为障碍、药物使用障碍以及每日吸烟的终生患病率增加相关。女孩酒精使用量增加有与焦虑障碍相关的趋势。超过80%的酒精滥用/依赖青少年有其他某种形式的精神病理学问题。一般而言，酒精障碍在其他精神障碍发作之后而非之前出现。共病与酒精障碍更早发作以及更高的心理健康治疗利用率相关。
青少年酒精使用问题与精神障碍的共病率惊人，是一个重要的治疗挑战。
