Pennings G
Vrije Universiteit Brussels, Vakgroep Filosofie, Belgium.
Hum Reprod. 1995 Oct;10(10):2736-40. doi: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.humrep.a135777.
A continuing feature of gamete donation is the scarcity of available donors. A strategy to improve the meagre supply of gametes would be to adjust the donation procedure to the wishes and desires of the donors. However, giving donors the right to direct their gametes to certain groups of recipients goes against the general rule that donors relinquish all rights and duties. Moreover, allocation by the donor might very well run counter to the rules of distributional justice. On the other hand, the allocation right can be supported by the principle of autonomy and by the donor's interest in and contribution to the process. The position is taken that the donors should have the right to direct their gametes to categories accepted as relevant by the moral and religious communities in their society. They should not be given the right to add their own categories to the exclusion list. If donors are not allowed to allocate their gift, they should at least be informed as to which categories of recipient are treated by the hospital to enable them to decide whether they want to donate gametes.
配子捐赠的一个持续特点是可用捐赠者稀缺。改善配子供应不足的一个策略是根据捐赠者的意愿调整捐赠程序。然而,赋予捐赠者将其配子定向给某些受赠者群体的权利,违背了捐赠者放弃所有权利和义务的一般规则。此外,捐赠者的分配很可能有悖于分配正义的规则。另一方面,分配权可以得到自主性原则以及捐赠者对该过程的利益和贡献的支持。有人认为,捐赠者应有权将其配子定向给其社会中道德和宗教团体认可为相关的类别。不应赋予他们将自己的类别添加到排除名单中的权利。如果不允许捐赠者分配其捐赠物,至少应告知他们医院会治疗哪些类别的受赠者,以便他们能够决定是否愿意捐赠配子。