Moffat D A, Ramsden R T, Shaw H J
J Laryngol Otol. 1977 Apr;91(4):279-294. doi: 10.1017/s0022215100083699.
The literature on the syndromes associated with the styloid process is reviewed. The anatomy and embryology of the styloid apparatus are then discussed in relation to the development of these conditions; attention is drawn to the significance of elongation of the process. Eighty styloids measured at post-mortem examination enabled a mean length to be determined as well as a range of normals. The possible aetiological factors are then listed. Four cases of elongated styloid process are described, three treated by excision via an external approach and the fourth presenting as an asymptomatic lump in the neck, not requiring treatment. The authors' preference for the external approach is explained.
本文回顾了与茎突相关综合征的文献。随后讨论了茎突装置的解剖学和胚胎学与这些病症发展的关系；着重指出了茎突延长的意义。通过尸检测量的80个茎突确定了平均长度以及正常范围。接着列出了可能的病因。描述了4例茎突过长的病例，3例通过外部入路切除进行治疗，第4例表现为颈部无症状肿块，无需治疗。解释了作者对外部入路的偏好。
