Luderer H J, Schulz M, Mayer M
Psychiatrische Klinik der Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg.
Psychiatr Prax. 1995 Nov;22(6):231-4.
Clinical records of all patients treated from 1983 to 1991 in a university clinic for lang-term-use of benzodiazepines were examined. Daily intake of benzodiazepines began in 80% immediately after the first prescription. At the time of admission, 34% reported intake of more than 3 DDD, i.e. more than 30 mg of diazepam. In patients 70%, additional abuse of alcohol and/or other psychotropic substances was established. Benzodiazepines were the first substances abused in 49%. The diagnosis of abuse or dependency was made in 65% before admission. Symptoms of organic brain syndrome were described in 30% of all records. Symptom leading to first benzodiazepine intake were somatic complaints (40%), depressed mood (39%), insomnia (37% and anxiety (24%). Between first intake and admission, there was a significant increase in patients with somatic complaints, depressed mood and anxiety. After detocification, symptoms leading to admission improved in 80% of all patients.
对1983年至1991年在一家大学诊所接受长期使用苯二氮䓬类药物治疗的所有患者的临床记录进行了检查。80%的患者在首次处方后立即开始每日服用苯二氮䓬类药物。入院时，34%的患者报告每日服用量超过3个限定日剂量，即超过30毫克地西泮。70%的患者还存在酒精和/或其他精神活性物质滥用情况。49%的患者苯二氮䓬类药物是其首次滥用的物质。65%的患者在入院前被诊断为滥用或依赖。30%的所有记录中描述了器质性脑综合征症状。导致首次服用苯二氮䓬类药物的症状有躯体不适（40%）、情绪低落（39%）、失眠（37%）和焦虑（24%）。在首次服药至入院期间，有躯体不适、情绪低落和焦虑的患者显著增加。脱毒后，80%的患者导致入院的症状有所改善。
