Lader M
J Clin Psychiatry. 1983 Apr;44(4):121-7.
Psychotropic drugs are widely prescribed and tend to be used on a long-term basis. The barbiturates are known to induce tolerance and dependence, with a well-defined and often severe withdrawal syndrome from high doses. By contrast, the benzodiazepines are infrequently associated with tolerance and dependence at high doses. Recent work, however, has suggested that a definite withdrawal syndrome can supervene on discontinuation of long-term normal doses of benzodiazepines. In view of the widespread and chronic use of the benzodiazepines, this may represent a major problem. The theoretical implications of such normal-dose dependence are discussed.
精神药物的处方很普遍,而且往往长期使用。已知巴比妥类药物会产生耐受性和依赖性,高剂量使用时会出现明确且通常严重的戒断综合征。相比之下,苯二氮卓类药物在高剂量时很少出现耐受性和依赖性。然而,最近的研究表明,长期正常剂量的苯二氮卓类药物停药后可能会出现明确的戒断综合征。鉴于苯二氮卓类药物的广泛和长期使用,这可能是一个重大问题。本文讨论了这种正常剂量依赖性的理论意义。