Koufen H, Dichgans J
Med Klin. 1977 Apr 29;72(17):739-43.
The results of a systematic neurological and electro-encephalographical follow-up study in 344 head injured adults and 116 children were compared. The results show that posttraumatic EEG abnormalities lasting more than 24 hours, are equally frequent in children (53%) and in adults (49%). Mostly short lasting neurological signs of focal tissue damage are however significantly more frequent in children (30% vs. 13% and EEG-abnormalities (foci and general slowing) are on the average more pronounced. The recovery of EEG abnormalities follows the same pattern as in adults, occurs however faster among children. In both groups the normalization of general slowing precedes that of focal abnormalities only in 25% of the cases. Amnesias on the average last shorter in infants. Their duration seems of lesser significance for the judgement of the severity of the trauma in children than in adults. 6 months after the trauma children complain less frequently about headache, dizziness, or impaired memory and diminished ability to concentrate; emotional lability and impairement of drive, however, are more frequent than in adults. The results indicate an equal diagnostic and prognostic importance of systematic EEG studies (within 2 days, after 1 week and 6 month after the trauma) in both groups.
对344名成年颅脑损伤患者和116名儿童进行了系统的神经学和脑电图随访研究，并对结果进行了比较。结果显示，创伤后脑电图异常持续超过24小时的情况在儿童（53%）和成人（49%）中同样常见。然而，儿童中短暂的局灶性组织损伤神经学体征明显更为常见（30%对13%），脑电图异常（病灶和普遍减慢）平均更为明显。脑电图异常的恢复模式与成人相同，但在儿童中恢复得更快。在两组中，只有25%的病例中普遍减慢的正常化先于局灶性异常的正常化。婴儿期失忆平均持续时间较短。与成人相比，其持续时间对判断儿童创伤严重程度的意义较小。创伤后6个月，儿童抱怨头痛、头晕或记忆力减退以及注意力不集中的情况较少；然而，情绪不稳定和动力受损比成人更常见。结果表明，两组中系统脑电图研究（创伤后2天内、1周后和6个月后）具有同等的诊断和预后重要性。
