Cipolotti L, Warrington E K
National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, London, UK.
Memory. 1995 Sep-Dec;3(3-4):309-32. doi: 10.1080/09658219508253155.
We report the case of a patient, H.E.C., with a profound verbal comprehension impairment. His comprehension impairment involved both common names (animal and inanimate items) and proper names. Within the proper name category, his comprehension of country and famous peoples' names was better than his comprehension of common forenames. By using matching to sample techniques, H.E.C.'s impairment was found to be affected by presentation rate and by semantic relatedness, but not by word frequency. An analysis of his responses showed marked inconsistency and serial position effects (i.e. a decrement of performance on subsequent presentations of the same items). H.E.C.'s comprehension deficit was interpreted in terms of an "access" impairment within the word-meaning system. A unitary account of this impairment in terms of a deficit that delays the return, following activation, of the set of representations underlying a word, to a "ready state" is proposed.
我们报告了一例名为H.E.C.的患者，他存在严重的言语理解障碍。他的理解障碍涉及普通名词（动物和无生命物体）以及专有名词。在专有名词类别中，他对国家和名人名字的理解比对普通名字的理解要好。通过使用样本匹配技术，发现H.E.C.的障碍受到呈现速度和语义相关性的影响，但不受词频的影响。对他的反应进行分析后发现存在明显的不一致性和系列位置效应（即对同一项目后续呈现的表现下降）。H.E.C.的理解缺陷被解释为词义系统内的“通达”障碍。本文提出了一种对这种障碍的统一解释，即存在一种缺陷，在激活后会延迟单词背后的一组表征返回到“就绪状态”。
