Modulation of humoral immune response by tannery effluent in Oreochromis mossambicus (Peters).

Fish were treated with various sublethal concentrations of tannery effluent. A concentration-dependent suppression of both primary and secondary antibody responses to bovine serum albumin (BSA) was observed after primary or secondary immunization. The fish were able to compensate the effluent-induced suppression of antibody response when the antigen (BSA) was administered along with an oil adjuvant.