Zautra A, Beier E, Cappel L
Am J Community Psychol. 1977 Mar;5(1):85-97. doi: 10.1007/BF00884787.
In this study the dimensions of the quality of life construct were investigated; 454 residents of a large suburban community were asked questions on life changes, psychiatric distress, happiness, and effective participation in life concerns. Selected variables from this survey were factor-analyzed in order to define the dimensions of life quality and six demographic variables; age, sex, marital status, education, income, and religious participation were studied to see how they influenced those dimensions. The results of the analysis revealed that life quality is measurable in terms of a person's happiness, his community participation, and his preferences, answering three major questions that person may pose for himself: (1) How well do I like the life I lead? (2) In what meaningful ways do I spend my time? (3) Why? Each of the six demographic variables influenced these dimensions. Marital status and age, two life-cycle statistics, had the most powerful effects on quality-of-life ratings.
在本研究中，对生活质量结构的维度进行了调查；向一个大型郊区社区的454名居民询问了有关生活变化、精神痛苦、幸福感以及对生活问题的有效参与等问题。对该调查中选定的变量进行了因子分析，以确定生活质量的维度，并研究了六个人口统计学变量；年龄、性别、婚姻状况、教育程度、收入和宗教参与情况，以了解它们如何影响这些维度。分析结果表明，生活质量可以根据一个人的幸福感、社区参与度和偏好来衡量，回答了一个人可能会问自己的三个主要问题：（1）我有多喜欢自己过的生活？（2）我以何种有意义的方式度过我的时间？（3）为什么？六个人口统计学变量中的每一个都影响了这些维度。婚姻状况和年龄这两个人生周期统计数据对生活质量评分的影响最大。
