Asada T, Yamagata Z, Kinoshita T, Kinoshita A, Kariya T, Asaka A, Kakuma T
Department of Neurology and Psychiatry, Yamanashi Medical University, Tamaho, Japan.
J Am Geriatr Soc. 1996 Feb;44(2):151-5. doi: 10.1111/j.1532-5415.1996.tb02431.x.
To determine the prevalence and types of dementia in centenarians and to examine whether the ApoE epsilon 4 allele has significant impact on the development of Alzheimer's disease (AD) in the population.
Cross-sectional study and a 6-month prospective study.
Yamanashi Prefecture, Japan.
Forty-seven centenarians participated in the study to determine the prevalence and types of dementia. Thirty-three of the 47 participated in the study of ApoE genotyping. As controls, 224 demented older adults participated in the genetic study. Their age at onset was < 90 years.
Prevalence of dementia based on DSM-III-R; types of dementia based on NINCDS-ADRDA and ICD-10; distribution on ApoE alleles in the centenarians and in the controls; and the 6-month mortality rate of the subjects.
Of 47 centenarians, 70.2% had dementia, and AD accounted for the majority (75.8%) of the dementia cases. The distribution of ApoE alleles in all the subjects and the AD subjects was epsilon 2: 4.6% vs. 0%; epsilon 3: 90.1% vs. 94.1%; epsilon 4: 4.6% vs. 5.9%. The frequency of the epsilon 4 allele in the AD patients showed a tendency to decrease with increasing age, ranging from 38% for those with an age at onset of < 60 years to 22% for those with an age at onset of ranging from 80 to 89 years. The 6-month mortality rate was 27% (9/33) for the demented centenarians, whereas none of the 14 nondemented centenarians died.
This almost-complete survey, conducted in a prefecture of Japan, revealed a high prevalence of dementia in centenarians. The ApoE epsilon 4 allele does not have an impact on the development of AD in centenarians.
确定百岁老人中痴呆症的患病率和类型，并研究载脂蛋白Eε4等位基因是否对该人群中阿尔茨海默病（AD）的发生有显著影响。
横断面研究和为期6个月的前瞻性研究。
日本山梨县。
47名百岁老人参与了痴呆症患病率和类型的研究。47名中的33名参与了载脂蛋白E基因分型研究。作为对照，224名老年痴呆患者参与了基因研究。他们的发病年龄<90岁。
基于《精神疾病诊断与统计手册》第三版修订本（DSM-III-R）的痴呆症患病率；基于美国国立神经疾病与中风研究所-阿尔茨海默病及相关疾病协会（NINCDS-ADRDA）和《国际疾病分类》第十版（ICD-10）的痴呆症类型；百岁老人和对照组中载脂蛋白E等位基因的分布；以及受试者的6个月死亡率。
47名百岁老人中，70.2%患有痴呆症，其中AD占痴呆症病例的大多数（75.8%）。所有受试者和AD受试者中载脂蛋白E等位基因的分布为：ε2：4.6%对0%；ε3：90.1%对94.1%；ε4：4.6%对5.9%。AD患者中ε4等位基因的频率呈现出随年龄增长而下降的趋势，发病年龄<60岁者为38%，发病年龄在80至89岁者为22%。痴呆的百岁老人6个月死亡率为27%（9/33），而14名非痴呆的百岁老人均未死亡。
在日本一个县进行的这项几乎全面的调查显示，百岁老人中痴呆症的患病率很高。载脂蛋白Eε4等位基因对百岁老人中AD的发生没有影响。
