Rofsky J E, Townsend J C, Ilsen P F, Bright D C
J Am Optom Assoc. 1995 Nov;66(11):712-20.
There have been several reports in the literature documenting ocular manifestations of cocaine abuse. None have discussed the potential retinal complications stemming from cocaine inhalation.
Approximately 60 patients with a history of free-basing "crack" cocaine were examined at the Optometry Clinic. Threshold visual field testing and fundus photographs were obtained and later reviewed.
Microtalc retinopathy and associated retinal nerve fiber layer "rake" or "slit" defects were detected exclusively in patients who had free-based "crack" cocaine. Some of these patients manifested visual field changes that mimic glaucoma. Several cases are presented that demonstrate the findings typical of those observed in the patients examined at the Optometry Clinic.
Microtalc retinopathy and associated glaucoma-like retinal nerve fiber layer defects indicate the presence of permanent microvascular changes in the eyes, as well as the lungs, brain, and probably other peripheral organs. Optometrists should be aware of these new findings in order to properly manage patients who free-base "crack" cocaine.
文献中有多篇报道记录了可卡因滥用的眼部表现。但均未讨论吸入可卡因引发的潜在视网膜并发症。
验光诊所对约60名有吸食“快克”可卡因史的患者进行了检查。进行了阈值视野测试并拍摄了眼底照片，随后进行复查。
仅在吸食“快克”可卡因的患者中检测到微滑石粉视网膜病变及相关的视网膜神经纤维层“耙状”或“裂隙状”缺损。其中一些患者出现类似青光眼的视野改变。本文展示了几例病例，呈现了在验光诊所检查的患者中观察到的典型表现。
微滑石粉视网膜病变及相关的类似青光眼的视网膜神经纤维层缺损表明眼睛以及肺部、大脑和可能的其他外周器官存在永久性微血管变化。验光师应了解这些新发现，以便妥善管理吸食“快克”可卡因的患者。
