Role of Fapy glycosylase and UvrABC excinuclease in the repair of UVA (320-400 nm)-mediated DNA damage in Escherichia coli.

In contrast to the damage caused by far-UV, the damage caused by UVA (320-400 nm) is largely oxygen dependent, suggesting near-UV-mediated DNA damage involves reactive oxygen species. The DNA repair enzymes that recognize oxidized bases may, therefore, be an important part of the cell's near-UV defense repertoire. To evaluate the relative importance of Fpg (Fapy) glycosylase (an enzyme known to remove oxidized bases) and the DNA damage-inducible UvrABC excinuclease in recovery from near-UV-induced stress, we have constructed fpg- and uvrA- derivatives of Escherichia coli and tested the response (survival) of these strains to both UVA and far-UV radiation. Relative to control strains, the fpg- derivatives were found to be consistently more sensitive to the lethal effects of UVA, but not far-UV radiation. In contrast, uvrA- mutants were more sensitive than control strains to both UVA and far-UV radiation. Thymine dimers, known to be produced by far-UV and corrected by UvrABC, were not generated by the UVA fluences used in this study, suggesting that some other UVA-induced lesion(s) is recognized and repaired by this excinuclease.