Liang Y X, Gang B Q, Gu X Q
Shanghai Medical University, People's Republic of China.
Regul Toxicol Pharmacol. 1995 Oct;22(2):162-71. doi: 10.1006/rtph.1995.1081.
This paper presents a comprehensive review of the occupational exposure limits (OELs) of chemical substances in China. It provides historical background on the development of OELs in this country, with a complete list of traditionally adopted and newly developed OELs for chemicals in workplaces. The philosophical thoughts, the administrative system, the scientific protocols for setting and amending health standards, with emphasis on making health a basic criterion for setting health standards, strengthening epidemiological studies of the human population, integrating epidemiological and toxicological studies, considering technological and economical feasibilities, and making full use of literature information sources are discussed. Further perspectives with respect to practical issues of maximum allowable concentration and time-weighted average, selection of safety factors, and establishment of biological exposure limits are also considered, with the authors' contributions to a discussion on these topics.
本文全面回顾了中国化学物质的职业接触限值（OELs）。它提供了该国OELs发展的历史背景，列出了工作场所传统采用的和新制定的化学品OELs的完整清单。讨论了制定和修订健康标准的哲学思想、行政体系、科学规程，重点是将健康作为制定健康标准的基本准则、加强人群流行病学研究、整合流行病学和毒理学研究、考虑技术和经济可行性以及充分利用文献信息来源。还考虑了关于最大允许浓度和时间加权平均的实际问题、安全系数的选择以及生物接触限值的建立等进一步的观点，并阐述了作者对这些主题的讨论贡献。
