Grant M M, Rivera L M
Department of Nursing Research and Education, City of Hope Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA.
Semin Oncol Nurs. 1995 Nov;11(4):266-71. doi: 10.1016/s0749-2081(05)80007-5.
To review the symptoms of anorexia, cachexia, and dysphagia and to provide information on nutritional assessment and interventions.
Published studies of anorexia, cachexia, and dysphagia, research abstracts, and review articles.
Anorexia, cachexia, and dysphagia can cause severe alterations in nutrition in cancer patients that may lead to irreversible nutritional compromise and death. Nursing research must focus on symptom management of these three symptoms, the needs of the patient and family, and the impact of dysphagia on quality of life.
Assessment, objective evaluation, pharmacological interventions, and nutritional counseling are important interventions for patients with anorexia and cachexia. Swallowing therapy, food intake adjustments, oral hygiene, and supportive care are important measures needed by the patient with dysphagia.
回顾厌食、恶病质和吞咽困难的症状，并提供有关营养评估和干预措施的信息。
已发表的关于厌食、恶病质和吞咽困难的研究、研究摘要及综述文章。
厌食、恶病质和吞咽困难可导致癌症患者营养严重改变，可能导致不可逆转的营养损害和死亡。护理研究必须关注这三种症状的症状管理、患者及其家属的需求，以及吞咽困难对生活质量的影响。
评估、客观评价、药物干预和营养咨询是厌食和恶病质患者的重要干预措施。吞咽治疗、食物摄入调整、口腔卫生和支持性护理是吞咽困难患者所需的重要措施。
