Koponen P
Scand J Caring Sci. 1995;9(4):203-8. doi: 10.1111/j.1471-6712.1995.tb00415.x.
The aim of this study was, first, to describe the changes taking place in the division of fields of activity in Finnish community nursing during a national project on primary health care; second, to describe and analyze patterns of care by categorizing different points of view in nurses' personal experiences. Data on the division of fields of activity in all project areas were collected in a survey and in annual registrations of public health nurses' tasks (n = 87-113). Care patterns were discerned in focused interviews with public health nurses (n = 18). Three types of division of fields of activity were identified: the comprehensive, semi-comprehensive and specialized model. The comprehensive and semi-comprehensive models became more common during the project and the specialized one less common. Patterns of care were classified into four main categories: structural, individualistic, family-centred and community-centred. The division of fields of activity was not always compatible with the care patterns. The study identified several issues that should be considered in the definition and implementation of comprehensive and specialized care.
本研究的目的，其一，是描述在一项关于初级卫生保健的国家项目期间，芬兰社区护理活动领域划分中发生的变化；其二，是通过对护士个人经历中的不同观点进行分类，来描述和分析护理模式。在一项调查以及公共卫生护士任务的年度登记中（n = 87 - 113）收集了所有项目区域活动领域划分的数据。通过对公共卫生护士进行聚焦访谈（n = 18）识别出护理模式。确定了三种活动领域划分类型：综合模式、半综合模式和专科模式。在项目期间，综合模式和半综合模式变得更为常见，而专科模式则不那么常见。护理模式分为四大类：结构化、个人主义、以家庭为中心和以社区为中心。活动领域划分并不总是与护理模式相匹配。该研究确定了在综合护理和专科护理的定义与实施中应考虑的几个问题。
