[The state of phospholipase D in solution and its catalytic activity].

Functioning of water-soluble phospholipase D from cotton seeds is studied on two phases contact area (liquid-liquid, liquid-solid substance) and on the surface of mixed lecitine and sodium dodecylsulphate micelles. It is found that water-soluble phospholipase D, which normally has no catalytic activity, is capable to hydrolyse its substrates in the presence of organic solvents, solid adsorbents and sodium dodecylsulphate. The data obtained show that in all the cases studied the activation observed is due to adsorption immobilization of the enzyme. K lambda and K alpha constants are introduced, which are characteristics of immobilyzing ability of agents-matrices for immobilization. Phase transitions, which take place in heterogenous system (enzyme-activator-substrate-water solution), are found to be a necessary condition for the enzyme activation. A hypothesis, that catalytical activity of water-soluble phospholipase D is inherent of the adsorbed enzyme, is discussed on the basis of the data on comparative study of adsorbed and water-soluble enzymes.