[Role of hydrophobic interactions in manifestation of catalytic activity of lipolytic enzymes].

Kinetics is studied of enzymatic hydrolysis of different substrates of soluble and immobilized cotton lipase. At least two stages of enzymatic lipolysis are found to take place, which precede the formation of Mikhaelis complex: 1) the enzyme adsorption on substrate phase surface and 2) lipase activation. The latter is accompanied by the formation of local chamber on phase contact area in which the hydrolysis occurs. It is suggested on the basis of data on the inhibition by a number of phenylcarbonic acids and fluoride ions, on the hydrolysis rate of soluble and insoluble substrates, catalysed by different immobilized lipases, that there are three regions in the active center of lipolytic enzymes: 1) a region responsible for the "recognition" of substrate phase surface; 2) a binding region, participating in hydrophobic interaction with a single substrate molecule, located in the insoluble phase; 3) catalytical region. A hypothetic scheme of lipid enzymatic hydrolysis at phase contact area is given.