St Jeor S T, Brunner R L, Harrington M E, Scott B J, Cutter G R, Brownell K D, Dyer A R, Foreyt J P
Nutrition Education and Research Program, University of Nevada School of Medicine, Reno 89557, USA.
Obes Res. 1995 Sep;3 Suppl 2:249s-259s. doi: 10.1002/j.1550-8528.1995.tb00471.x.
To characterize people who maintain weight over long periods of time, normal weight and obese adults (n = 385) were studied over five annual visits. Subjects were classified using a +/- 5 lb change between the first and the fifth year visits to determine overall maintenance (M), with gain (G) or loss (L) being any change outside this range. This MGL status was cross-tabulated with a Fluctuation Index which counted the number of successive year-to-year weight changes of more than +/- 5 lbs (F0 through F4). True maintainers were defined as those having all weight changes within +/- 5 lbs during the 5-year period (M and F0). Nineteen percent (n = 73) of the subjects were classified as True Maintainers and included three times as many normal weight as obese subjects. Obese subjects comprised only 25% of the True Maintainer group but 60% of the Non-Maintainer group. Age had no association with Maintainer status. Standard measures of weight variability were lowest among True Maintainers and highest in Non-Maintainers. In addition, True Maintainers had lower BMI, Percent Body Fat, and Waist-Hip Ratios than Non-Maintainers. Subjects classified as Non-Maintainers were more likely to engage in dieting, by a variety of measures, than True Maintainers--this was particularly true among obese subjects. Finally, changes in total cholesterol, LDL and HDL cholesterol, and systolic and diastolic blood pressure were not reliably associated with Maintainer status, although the ordering of the group means suggested that True Maintainers had slightly healthier levels of "risk" variables. Overall, the results suggest that True Maintainers comprise a potentially important and interesting group of individuals who need further study.
为了描述长期维持体重的人群特征，对正常体重和肥胖成年人（n = 385）进行了为期五年的年度随访研究。根据首次和第五次随访之间体重变化是否在±5磅以内来对受试者进行分类，以确定总体维持情况（M），超出此范围的任何变化为体重增加（G）或体重减轻（L）。将这种MGL状态与波动指数进行交叉制表，波动指数计算连续每年体重变化超过±5磅的次数（F0至F4）。真正的体重维持者定义为在5年期间所有体重变化都在±5磅以内的人（M和F0）。19%（n = 73）的受试者被归类为真正的体重维持者，其中正常体重者的数量是肥胖受试者的三倍。肥胖受试者仅占真正体重维持者组的25%，但占非体重维持者组的60%。年龄与体重维持者状态无关。体重变异性的标准测量值在真正的体重维持者中最低，在非体重维持者中最高。此外，真正的体重维持者的BMI、体脂百分比和腰臀比均低于非体重维持者。通过各种测量方法，被归类为非体重维持者的受试者比真正的体重维持者更有可能进行节食，肥胖受试者尤其如此。最后，总胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白和高密度脂蛋白胆固醇以及收缩压和舒张压的变化与体重维持者状态没有可靠的关联，尽管各组均值的排序表明真正的体重维持者的“风险”变量水平略健康。总体而言，结果表明真正的体重维持者构成了一个潜在重要且有趣的个体群体，需要进一步研究。
