Seim H C, Holtmeier K B
Department of Family Practice and Community Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis 55455.
Fam Pract Res J. 1992 Dec;12(4):411-9.
This study was done to determine if significant weight loss, decrease in body measurements, and lowering of serum lipids and blood pressure could be shown in people on a low-calorie, low-fat, high-fiber diet over a period of six weeks. Forty-one people (33 females and 8 males) between the ages of of 37 and 55 years old participated in a six-week calorie-controlled, low-fat, low-sodium, high-fiber diet using foods available in supermarkets. Participants also exercised moderately. The average weight loss was 10.3 pounds, or 5.8% of the original average weight. The body mass index decreased 1.7-a 6.0% decrease for women and a 5.3% decrease for men. The average of five body measurements decreased 4.9%. Total cholesterol decreased 16%, LDL-C decreased 12%, and HDL-C decreased 18%. All of these decreases were statistically significant at P < .001. No significant difference was noted in blood pressures at the start and completion of the study, as both values were in the normal range. This relatively short period of dieting using 1200 calories for women and 1500 calories for men, along with moderate exercise, shows that reasonable weight loss and a tendency toward lowering lipid values can be obtained. Weekly monitoring by physicians and their office staffs can enhance this process. Continued accountability and support for lifelong behavior changes are probably necessary to maintain reasonable body weight in these patients.
本研究旨在确定在六周时间内，采用低热量、低脂肪、高纤维饮食的人群是否会出现显著的体重减轻、身体测量数据下降以及血脂和血压降低。41名年龄在37至55岁之间的人（33名女性和8名男性）参与了一项为期六周的饮食计划，该计划控制热量摄入、采用低脂肪、低钠、高纤维饮食，食材均为超市中可得的食物。参与者还进行适度运动。平均体重减轻了10.3磅，占原始平均体重的5.8%。体重指数下降了1.7——女性下降6.0%，男性下降5.3%。五项身体测量数据的平均值下降了4.9%。总胆固醇下降了16%，低密度脂蛋白胆固醇下降了12%，高密度脂蛋白胆固醇下降了18%。所有这些下降在P < .001时均具有统计学意义。研究开始和结束时的血压没有显著差异，因为两个数值均在正常范围内。女性每天摄入1200卡路里、男性每天摄入1500卡路里的相对短期节食，再加上适度运动，表明可以实现合理的体重减轻以及血脂值降低的趋势。医生及其办公室工作人员的每周监测可以加强这一过程。对于这些患者来说，持续的问责制和对终身行为改变的支持可能是维持合理体重所必需的。
