Rosselli M, Dubey R K, Imthurn B, Macas E, Keller P J
Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University Hospital, Zurich, Switzerland.
Hum Reprod. 1995 Jul;10(7):1786-90. doi: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.humrep.a136174.
Endogenous nitric oxide (NO) is an important functional mediator in several physiological systems, including the reproductive system. However, when generated in excessive amounts for long periods, mainly during immunological reactions, NO is cytotoxic and cytostatic for invading microbes, as well as for the cells generating it and the tissues present around it. Since infertility associated with urogenital tract infection in males and females is also accompanied by reduced sperm motility and viability, it is possible that reduced fertility in these patients is due to NO-induced sperm toxicity. We therefore evaluated the direct effects of NO, chemically derived from S-nitroso-N-acetylpenicillamine (SNAP, 0.012-0.6 mM) and sodium nitroprusside (SNP, 0.25-2.5 mM), on the motility and viability of human spermatozoa. Furthermore, we tested whether inhibition of NO synthesis prevents sperm motility and viability by incubating washed total cells present in the semen (spermatozoa, round cells) with N-nitro-L-arginine-methyl-ester (L-NAME), a NO synthesis inhibitor. Treatment of purified spermatozoa with SNAP or SNP decreased forward progressive sperm motility and straight line velocity, and also increased the percentage of immotile spermatozoa in a concentration-dependent manner. Furthermore, the percentage of immotile spermatozoa positively correlated with the percentage of dead spermatozoa. In contrast to freshly prepared SNAP, SNAP preincubated for 48 h had no effect on the motility and viability of the spermatozoa. Furthermore, as compared to untreated controls, a significantly higher percentage of forward progressive sperm motility as well as viability (P < 0.05) was maintained in washed semen incubated with L-NAME (0.15 mM).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
内源性一氧化氮（NO）是包括生殖系统在内的多个生理系统中的重要功能介质。然而，当长时间大量产生时，主要是在免疫反应期间，NO对入侵的微生物以及产生它的细胞和周围组织具有细胞毒性和细胞抑制作用。由于男性和女性与泌尿生殖道感染相关的不孕症也伴有精子活力和存活率降低，因此这些患者生育力下降可能是由于NO诱导的精子毒性。因此，我们评估了化学衍生自S-亚硝基-N-乙酰青霉胺（SNAP，0.012 - 0.6 mM）和硝普钠（SNP，0.25 - 2.5 mM）的NO对人类精子活力和存活率的直接影响。此外，我们通过将精液中存在的洗涤后的全细胞（精子、圆形细胞）与NO合成抑制剂N-硝基-L-精氨酸甲酯（L-NAME）孵育，测试了抑制NO合成是否能防止精子活力和存活率下降。用SNAP或SNP处理纯化的精子会降低向前渐进性精子活力和直线速度，并以浓度依赖的方式增加不活动精子的百分比。此外，不活动精子的百分比与死精子的百分比呈正相关。与新鲜制备的SNAP不同，预孵育48小时的SNAP对精子的活力和存活率没有影响。此外，与未处理的对照相比，用L-NAME（0.15 mM）孵育的洗涤精液中向前渐进性精子活力以及存活率的百分比显著更高（P < 0.05）。（摘要截断于250字）
