Comparison of 11 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase in spontaneously hypertensive and Wistar-Kyoto rats.

11 beta-Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (11 beta-HSD) modulates glucocorticoid interactions with mineralocorticoid and glucocorticoid receptors in vivo, by converting 11 beta-hydroxyglucocorticoids to their inactive 11-ketone derivatives. Defective 11 beta-oxidation of glucocorticoids has been associated with hypertension. The objective of this study was to investigate whether 11 beta-HSD contributes to the occurrence of hypertension in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs). The liver and kidney microsomal oxidations of corticosterone (the physiological glucocorticoid in rats) in organs from juvenile (3 weeks old) and adult (3 months old) SHR and Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) rats, with NAD and NADP, show no differences between rat strains. For cortisol, with NADP, adult SHRs show (1.3-3 times; P < 0.05) lower kidney microsomal oxidation rates. The liver microsomal reduction of cortisone shows remarkable interstrain differences; with NADH, reduction is conducted only by adult WKY rats, whereas with NADPH, juvenile animals show similar reduction rates, but at adulthood, only WKYs reduce cortisone. Using Western blot analysis with antibodies against 11 beta-HSD1, positive signals are obtained only for liver microsomes, appearing somewhat lower in SHRs for juvenile but not adult animals. Urinary corticosterone/11-dehydrocorticosterone ratios (measured in adult animals) are not different between rat strains, but are elevated after administration of corticosterone in both strains (although significant only in SHRs). The data provide no indications for exaggerated stimulation of renal corticosteroid receptors, due to modified 11 beta-HSD, in SHRs. However, the experiments suggest the existence of multiple 11 beta-HSDs, in addition to 11 beta-HSD1 and 11 beta-HSD2, some of which may be modified in SHR, but the nature and physiological role of these 11 beta-HSDs is unclear.