Hartwig M, Hartmann S, Steinhart H
Institut für Biochemie und Lebensmittelchemie, Universität Hamburg, Germany.
Z Lebensm Unters Forsch. 1995 Dec;201(6):533-6. doi: 10.1007/BF01201578.
The content of 10 naturally occurring steroidal sex hormones (androgens and progestogens), their biosynthetic precursors and metabolites was determined in 62 samples of beef (bulls, steers, heifers). After enzymatic hydrolysis of their conjugates, the steroids were extracted from the tissue by liquid-liquid extraction and purified by solid phase extraction. The identification and quantification was carried out by GC-MS of the trimethylsilyl ethers. The progestogens progesterone and pregnenolone were quantitatively dominant (43.7 and 6.5 micrograms/kg respectively). The highest steroid concentrations were determined in female cattle.
测定了62份牛肉样本（公牛、阉牛、小母牛）中10种天然存在的甾体性激素（雄激素和孕激素）及其生物合成前体和代谢物的含量。在对其缀合物进行酶水解后，通过液液萃取从组织中提取甾体，并通过固相萃取进行纯化。通过三甲基硅醚的气相色谱 - 质谱联用仪进行鉴定和定量。孕激素孕酮和孕烯醇酮在含量上占主导地位（分别为43.7和6.5微克/千克）。在母牛中测定出最高的甾体浓度。
